O Level Revision : Shona - Zvirungamutauro - Tsumo

Zvichireva izvo kuti chipandi ichi hachina kuzara, chinotoda chimwe chipandi chinochitsigira chichizadzikisa pfungwa. Chipandi chepiri chinotsigira chokutanga seizvi:

• Chara chimwe hachitswanyi inda.
• Totenda maruva tadya chakata.
• Kwadzinorohwa matumbu ndiko kwadzinomhanyira.

Zvinoreva tsumo

Unogona kuwana zvinoreva tsumo kubva mune zvinoreva manzwi arimo, sokuti:

• Kure kwegava ndokusina mutsubvu.

Apa gava imhuka inozivikanwa nokudisa tsubvu. Chero dziri kure zvakadini rinoshingirira kuenda. Iwe wochitsvaka zvino kuti muupenyu tsumo iyi ingarevei. Pfungwa iripo ndeyekuti munhu anoshingirira kuenda kune chaanoda chero kuri kure zvakadini.

 Miyenzaniso yetsumo

Tsanangura zvinoreva tsumo dzinotevera:

(i)  Totenda dzamwa dzaswera nebenzi.                              (ii)  Ura mapako hunozvara mbavha nevaroyi.

Kuzadzisa tsumo

Muzamanishoni  unogona  kunzi  uzadzise  tsumo  dzakadimburirwa,  kungava  kwekutanga  kana  kokupedzisira, somuenzaniso:

• Kudzisa Kokutanga

                        muti unomera paunoda. (mwoyo muti)

                        maoko. (hama)

• Kuzadzisa Kokupedzisira

Mbeva zhinji                          (hadzina marise) Makabata makumbo                          (musoro une vene) Jongwe haririri                          (mudunhu risiri raro)

Muenzaniso wetsumo dzinoda kuzadziswa

Zadzisa tsumo dzinotevera.

(i)                    muranda kumwe.                                         (ii)  Chinoziva ivhu                 .

(iii)                  mimba haibvi negosoro.                               (iv) Mukuru mukuru                 .

(v)                  haapedzi dura.                                               (vi) Mushonga unovava                 .

Tsumo dzinoreva zvakafanana

Idzi itsumo dzinoreva zvakafanana. Kuti ukwanise kuwana tsumo idzi zvinotoda kuti utange waziva dudziro yetsumo yawapiwa wozotsvaka imwe inorevawo zvimwe chetezvo. Somuenzaniso, tsumo yekuti, Totenda maruva tadya chakata, inoreva iyo kuti unozogutsikana nechinhu chabudirira. Haungati wawana muchero wokudya iwo uchiri pamaruva. Pamwe mhepo inozunza ose ukashaya chokubata. Imwe tsumo inofanana neiyi ndeinoti, Totenda dzamwa dzaswera nebenzi, kana kuti Totenda yavira shambakodzi yedemhe. Apa unoona kuti chivimbo nezviripo chishoma mutsumo dzose dziri nhatu.

Muenzaniso wetsumo dzinoreva zvakafanana

Ipa tsumo dzinoreva zvakafanana neidzi:

(i)   Chara chimwe hachitswanyi inda.                        (ii)  Mazvokuda mavanga enyora.

(iii) Chiri mumwoyo chiri muninga.                            (iv) Tsapata rukukwe hazvienzani nokurara pasi. (v)  Gavi rakabva kumasvuuriro.                                 (vi) Mwoyo womunhu ndishe wake.

Tsumo dzinoreva zvinopikisana

Idzi  itsumo  dzinoreva  zvakasiyana.  Unosungirwa  kuti  utange  watsvaka  zvinoreva  yokutanga  yawapiwa  kuti ugozvishandisa kuchitsvakisa zvino iyo ine zvinopikisa. Tarisa mienzaniso iri pazasi.

Chara chimwe hachitswanyi inda.

Apa pfungwa inobuda ndeyekuti chigunwe kana chiri chega haukwanisi kuuraya inda nacho. Panotoda zviviri kuti utsvanye inda pakati pazvo. Zvichireva izvo kuti basa rinoda vaviri kana kupfuura.

Mbeva zhinji hadzina marise/mashe/marishe

Panobuda pfungwa yokuti kana vanhu vakawandisa basa harifambi. Vanhu vanogona kuvhiringidzana pakushanda.

Unogona kuita izvi uchishandisa tsumo dzakasiyana-siyana. Chakakosha kuziva dudziro yetsumo iripo, wozotsvaka imwe tsumo inoreva zvinopikisana nezvaunazvo.

Muenzaniso wetsumo dzinoreva zvinopikisana

Ipa tsumo dzinopikisana neidzi:

(i)    Chinono chinengwe bere rakadya richifamba.                          (ii)  Chiri mumwoyo chiri muninga.

(iii)  Chitanduro ndechina amai mugoti unopiwa anyerere.              (iv) Mbeva zhinji hadzina mashe.

(v)   Aiva madziva ava mazambuko.

Kupa tsumo inoenderana nekanyaya kakapiwa

Pakunyora bvunzo unogona kunzi unyore tsumo dzinoenderana nezvinyaya zvakapiwa, somuenzaniso:

Tendai zvaainge azvipira kuvanza nhumbu yaaive nayo, akatanga kurutsa kana angoisa chokudya mumuromo. Kurutsa uku pamwe chete nekukura kwaive kwoita dumbu zvakapa kuti amai vake vanyumwe vakaenda naye kuchipatara kunoongororwa. Tendai akaonekwa kuti aive nepamuviri pane mwedzi minomwe.

Tsumo: Rina manyanga hariputirwi mumushunje.

Muenzaniso wetsumo dzinoenderana nenyaya yakapiwa

Ipa tsumo dzinoenderana netunyaya tunotevera:

(i)    Tinago zvaakaona kuti anonoka, akavhetemesa mota ndokubva yaputika vhiri. Nekuda kwekumanya-manya, haana kunge atakura resipeya. Kwaaienda akatozosvika vanhu vatanga kupararira.

(ii)   Nyangwe vabereki vake vaimurambidza nezvaNhamo vachiti haana chauviri, Rudo akaramba akasimba nerekuti ndiye achamuroora.

(iii)  Zvaaifamba achidzokera kumba, Dzawira akasangana naJena uyo aifemereka zvikuru. Akaedza kuti anzwisise kuti chii chainge chaitika asi hapana chaakaudzwa. Vakati vati fambei vakaona dutu ramapurisa akapakatira zvombo achiuya kwavari. Jena akasvetuka waya, Dzawira akavhunduka akakwakuka asingazivi chaiitika. Bara rakapinda nepagotsi raDzawira ndiye sarai.

(iv)  Zvaakanga apa mwana wavaridzi pamuviri, Danai akatoona kuti akanga akafanira kushanda nesimba kuriritira mhuri yaakanga ava nayo.

(v)   Dahwa aigara achirova vanhu munzvimbo yeMutenderende. Rimwe zuva akadenha kamwe kamurume kapfupi kaive kagere pachigaro mubhawa raYikichi. Akakadira mbama achiti karambirei kagere iye achipinda. Pakakarwadziwa nembama, Mavharo kakasvetuka kakatunga Dahwa nomusoro pahuma ndiye pasi nyondo. VaDahwa vedu vakazopepuka vadirwa mvura. Kubva musi uyu Dahwa haana kuzonetsa vanhu.